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{{Wikipedia}} |
{{Wikipedia}} |
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| − | '''Ayyám-i-Há''' refers to a period of four or five [[intercalary day]]s in the [[Bahá'í calendar]], where {{WPlink|Bahá'í Faith|Bahá'ís}} celebrate the '''Festival of Ayyám-i-Há'''.<ref name="bne">{{cite book |author= Esslemont, J.E. |year= 1980 |title= Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era |edition= 5th ed. |publisher=Bahá'í Publishing Trust |location=Wilmette, Illinois, USA |isbn= 0-87743-160-4 |url= http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/je/BNE/ | pages = 178–179}}</ref> The four or five days occur in between the 18th and 19th months of the calendar from February 26 to March 1 and allow for the Bahá'í calendar to be synchronized with the [[solar year]] with regular years of 365 days, and [[leap year]]s of 366 days.<ref>According to the definition of intercalary days in the ''Oxford Companion to the Year'' four of the five days are "[[epagomenal days]]" added to make the number of a calendar's days equal to the number of days in a year, and only the fifth day of Ayyám-i-Há is an intercalary day.</ref> |
+ | '''Ayyám-i-Há''' refers to a period of four or five [[intercalary day]]s in the [[Bahá'í calendar]], where {{WPlink|Bahá'í Faith|Bahá'ís}} celebrate the '''Festival of Ayyám-i-Há'''.<ref name="bne">{{cite book |author= Esslemont, J.E. |year= 1980 |title= Bahá'u'lláh and the New Era |edition= 5th ed. |publisher=Bahá'í Publishing Trust |location=Wilmette, Illinois, USA |isbn= 0-87743-160-4 |url= http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/je/BNE/ | pages = 178–179}}</ref> The four or five days occur in between the 18th and 19th months of the calendar from February 26 to March 1 and allow for the Bahá'í calendar to be synchronized with the [[solar year]] with regular years of 365 days, and [[leap year]]s of 366 days.<ref>According to the definition of intercalary days in the ''Oxford Companion to the Year'' four of the five days are "[[epagomenal days]]" added to make the number of a calendar's days equal to the number of days in a year, and only the fifth day of Ayyám-i-Há is an intercalary day.</ref> |
==History== |
==History== |
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| − | The |
+ | The [[Báb]], the founder of the [[Bábism|Bábí Faith]], instituted the [[Bahá'í calendar|Badí‘ calendar]] in the [[Persian Bayán]] with 19 months of 19 days each and a period of intercalary days to allow for the calendar to be solar. The introduction of [[intercalation]] marked an important break from [[Islam]], as under the [[Islamic calendar]] the practice of intercalation had been specifically prohibited in the [[Qur'an]].<ref name="taylor">{{cite web | first = John | last = Taylor | title = On Novelty in Ayyám-i-Há and the Badí Calendar | date = 2000-09-01 | accessdate = 2006-09-24 | publisher = bahai-library.org | url = http://bahai-library.com/taylor_novelty_badi_calendar}}</ref> The Báb did not, however, specify where the intercalary days should go.<ref name="taylor" /> [[Bahá'u'lláh]], who claimed to be the one foretold by the Báb, confirmed and adopted the Badi calendar in the [[Kitáb-i-Aqdas]], his book of laws.<ref name="taylor" /> He placed the intercalary days before the [[Nineteen Day Fast|fasting month]] of `Alá, the nineteenth and last month,<ref name="ka">{{cite book |author=Bahá'u'lláh |authorlink=Bahá'u'lláh |origyear=1873 |year=1992 |title=The Kitáb-i-Aqdas: The Most Holy Book |publisher=Bahá'í Publishing Trust |location=Wilmette, Illinois, USA |isbn=0-85398-999-0 |url=http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/KA/ka-4.html#gr16 | pages= 24–25}}</ref> and gave the intercalary days the name ''"Ayyám-i-Há"'' or ''"Days of Ha"''.<ref name="taylor" /><ref name="ka" /> |
==Symbolism and celebration== |
==Symbolism and celebration== |
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| − | The nineteen months of the Bahá'í calendar are named after the attributes of |
+ | The nineteen months of the Bahá'í calendar are named after the attributes of [[God]].<ref name="bahai-us">{{cite web | url = http://www.bahai.us/bahai-calendar | title = The Bahá'í Calendar | accessdate = 2006-09-24 | publisher = bahai.us | author = National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States | date = 2006-03-05}}</ref> Ayyám-i-Há, which means the ''"Days of Há"'' — {{WPlink|Há}} is the Arabic letter corresponding to the English {{WPlink|H}} — commemorates the transcendence of God over his attributes, since its name ''"Há"'' has been used as a symbol of the ''essence of God'' in the {{WPlink|Bahá'í literature|Bahá'í holy writings}}.<ref name="taylor" /><ref name="ka2">{{cite book |author=Universal House of Justice |authorlink=Universal House of Justice |year=1992 |title=Notes of the Kitáb-i-Aqdas |publisher=Bahá'í Publishing Trust |location=Wilmette, Illinois, USA |isbn=0-85398-999-0 |url=http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/KA/ka-45.html | page= 178}}.</ref> Under the Arabic [[abjad numerals|abjad system]], the letter Há has the numerical value of five, which is equal to the maximum number of days in Ayyam-i-Há.<ref name="taylor"/> |
| − | During the Festival of Ayyám-i-Há Bahá'ís are encouraged to celebrate |
+ | During the Festival of Ayyám-i-Há Bahá'ís are encouraged to celebrate [[God in the Bahá'í Faith|God and his oneness]] by showing love, fellowship and unity.<ref name="taylor" /> In many instances Bahá'ís give and accept gifts to demonstrate these attributes, and it is sometimes seen as a "Bahá'í [[Christmas]]" held two months after the Christian holiday.<ref name="taylor" /> It is also a time of charity and goodwill and Bahá'ís often participate in various projects of a humanitarian nature.<ref name="charity">{{cite web | author = National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States | title = Baha'is mark New Year with charity, period of fasting | date = 2006-06-28 | accessdate = 2007-02-25 | publisher = bahai.us | url = http://www.bahai.us/node/82}}</ref> |
==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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| − | [[Category:Intercalary days]] |
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